ג׳ באדר א׳ ה׳תשע״א (February 7, 2011)

Zevahim 89a-b – Setting priorities in the Temple – I

The tenth perek (=chapter) of Masechet Zevahim, which begins on today’s daf (=page) is called Kol haTadir – “Whatever is more constant.” The focus of this perek is the order in which the sacrifices must be brought in the Temple.

 

In any organization with operations as complex as those in the Temple there is a need to set a schedule and clear and consistent priorities. In the Temple there are many situations where the requirements of communal sacrifices are such that different korbanot must be brought, e.g. when Rosh haShanah falls out on Shabbat and there are three separate “sacrifices of the day.” Even when dealing with sacrifices brought by individuals we may have situations where one person comes to the Temple with a number of different types of sacrifices, or several people come at once, bearing animals for different sacrifices. What is brought first, and what can wait until a later time?

 

The first Mishnah opens with the general statement that kol ha-tadir mehaveiro kodem et haveiro – whatever is more constant than another has precedence over another. That is to say that the more frequently a sacrifice is brought the greater its precedence in the order of korbanot.

 

While our perek deals with the question of which sacrifice takes precedence when two (or more) korbanot are to be brought, a different question arises when we need to bring a number of sacrifices and we do not have enough animals to satisfy all of the requirements. Should the special musaf sacrifice be brought, or, perhaps, the animal should be saved for use as the “constant” daily offering? The discussion about this type of issue appears in Masechet Menahot (daf 49a) where the Gemara discusses a situation when there are not enough animals for both the temidim – the daily offerings – and musafim – the additional offerings on special days.